經痛、乳漲痛、頭痛 | Menstrual Pain, Galactalgia, Headache

Store/經痛、乳漲痛、頭痛 | Menstrual Pain, Galactalgia, Headache

經痛

本研究旨在確定不同定義的年輕女性痛經發生率，並探討與此相關的因素。

資料和方法: 最後一組408名年輕女性完成了自我評估問卷。這是一項橫斷面分析研究。

結果: 84.1%的女性報告月經疼痛，其中43.1%的女性報告疼痛發生在每個時期，41%的女性報告疼痛發生在某些時期。月經疼痛的婦女月經初潮較早（P=0.0002），月經流量較長（P=0.006），這一組的特點是吸烟者的患病率較高（P=0.031），激素避孕者的患病率較低（P=0.015）。疼痛强度與月經週期長短（CR=0.336）、流產史（CR=3.640）和婦科疾病（CR=0.948）呈正相關（r=0.302，P<0.0001），與初潮年齡（CR=-0.225）、激素避孕（CR=-0.787）和婦科手術史（CR=-2.115）呈負相關。考慮到月經疼痛、需要藥物和不能正常工作（缺席學習或社交活動）等因素，僅考慮月經疼痛時痛經患病率為84.1%，考慮到月經疼痛與藥物需要之間的關係時痛經患病率為55.2%，當考慮到月經疼痛與曠工之間的關係時為31.9%，當考慮到月經疼痛、藥物需要和曠工之間的關係時為25.3%（P<0.0001）。痛經更嚴重的概率與視覺類比量表量測的疼痛强度直接相關，但並不一致。

結論: 月經疼痛是一個非常常見的問題，但需要藥物治療和功能喪失正常發生的頻率較低。然而，至少有四分之一的女性經歷過痛經，其特徵是需要藥物治療和缺席學習或社交活動。(1)

肌醇、褪黑素於經痛過程的作用:

  • 改善胰島素抵抗(2)
  • 改善月經週期規律(2)
  • 明顯改善血清孕酮(3)
  • 明顯改善催乳素(3)
  • 明顯改善月經週期(3)
  • 明顯改善妊娠率(3)
  • 顯著改變打鼾率(4)
  • 降低偏頭痛(4)
  • 改善睡眠品質(4)



Menstrual pain

Objectives

This study aimed to determine the frequency of dysmenorrhea, as identified by different definitions, in a population of young women, and to investigate factors associated with this complaint.

Materials and methods

A final group of 408 young women completed a self-assessment questionnaire. This was a cross-sectional analytical study.

Results

Menstrual pain was reported by 84.1% of women, with 43.1% reporting that pain occurred during every period, and 41% reporting that pain occurred during some periods. Women with menstrual pain had an earlier menarche (P = 0.0002) and a longer menstrual flow (P = 0.006), and this group was characterized as having a higher prevalence of smokers (P = 0.031) and a lower prevalence of hormonal contraception users (P = 0.015). Pain intensity was correlated (r = 0.302, P < 0.0001) positively with menstrual flow length (CR = 0.336), history of abortions (CR = 3.640), and gynecological pathologies (CR = 0.948), and negatively with age at menarche (CR = −0.225), use of hormonal contraception (CR = −0.787), and history of gynecological surgery (CR = −2.115). Considering the parameters of menstrual pain, a need for medication, and inability to function normally (absenteeism from study or social activities) alone or together, the prevalence of dysmenorrhea is 84.1% when considering only menstrual pain, 55.2% when considering the association between menstrual pain and need for medication, 31.9% when considering the association between menstrual pain and absenteeism, and 25.3% when considering the association between menstrual pain, need for medication, and absenteeism (P < 0.0001). The probability of having more severe dysmenorrhea is directly related to pain intensity as measured by a visual analog scale, but does not coincide with it.

Conclusion

Menstrual pain is a very common problem, but the need for medication and the inability to function normally occurs less frequently. Nevertheless, at least one in four women experiences distressing menstrual pain characterized by a need for medication and absenteeism from study or social activities.(1)

The effects of inositol and melatonin in the process of menstrual pain are as follows

  • Improving insulin resistance (2)
  • Improve menstrual cycle (2)
  • Significantly improve Serum progesterone (3)
  • Obviously improve the level of prolactin (3)
  • Significantly improve menstrual cycle (3)
  • Significantly improve the pregnancy rate (3)
  • Significant change in snoring rate (4)
  • Reducing migraine (4)
  • Improving sleep quality (4)

Refs:

  1. Giovanni Grandi, Serena Ferrari, Anjeza Xholli, Marianna Cannoletta, Federica Palma, Cecilia Romani, Annibale Volpe, and Angelo Cagnacci. Prevalence of menstrual pain in young women: what is dysmenorrhea? Journal ListJ Pain Resv.5; 2012PMC3392715. J Pain Res. 2012; 5: 169–174.
    Published online 2012 Jun 20. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S30602. PMCID: PMC3392715. PMID: 22792003
  2. Antonio La Marca 1 , Valentina Grisendi, Giulia Dondi, Giovanna Sighinolfi, Antonio Cianci. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2015 Jan;31(1):52-6.doi: 10.3109/09513590.2014.964201. Epub 2014 Sep 30.The menstrual cycle regularization following D-chiro-inositol treatment in PCOS women: a retrospective study. PMID: 25268566 DOI: 10.3109/09513590.2014.964201
  3. K. Nas, L. Tűű. A comparative study between myo-inositol and metformin in the treatment of insulin-resistant women. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. Year: 2017. Vol. 21 - N. 2 Suppl. Pages: 77-82
  4. Mohammadyahya E, Sarraf P, Javadian N, Shariat M, Bitarafan S, et al. Melatonin as a Potential Prophylactic Therapy for Menstrual-Related Migraine Headache: A Randomized Clinical Trial, Arch Neurosci. 2020 ; 7(4):e94375. doi: 10.5812/ans.94375.

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