A gallbladder polyp is an elevation of the gallbladder mucosa that protrudes into the gallbladder lumen. Gallbladder polyps have an estimated prevalence in adults of between 0.3%-12.3%. However, only 5% of polyps are considered to be "true" gallbladder polyps, meaning that they are malignant or have malignant potential. The main radiological modality used for diagnosing and surveilling gallbladder polyps is transabdominal ultrasonography. However, evidence shows that other modalities such as endoscopic ultrasound may improve diagnostic accuracy. These are discussed in turn during the course of this review.
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Current guidelines recommend cholecystectomy for gallbladder polyps sized 10 mm and greater, although this threshold is lowered when other risk factors are identified. The evidence behind this practice is relatively low quality. This review identifies current gaps in the available evidence and highlights the necessity for further research to enable better decision making regarding which patients should undergo cholecystectomy, and/or radiological follow-up.
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The gaps in the available evidence to support the current guidelines on the management of gallbladder polyps are outlined above. TAUS is the current mainstay for radiological investigation of gallbladder polyps. EUS and HRUS have shown some promise as an adjunct to TAUS but more work is required to assess the exact role and the category of polyps that they may provide diagnostic accuracy. Although polyps of 10 mm and greater are more likely to be true polyps, this cut-off will miss a significant number of true polyps below this threshold and cholecystectomy will also be performed unnecessarily for pseudopolyps when they are greater than 10 mm. The factoring in of the risk factors discussed above to lower the threshold for cholecystectomy will no doubt decrease the number of missed true polyps in the under 10 mm category but cholecystectomy will also be performed when it is not required. No research has been performed to assess the impact of following these guidelines and therefore larger retrospective and prospective case series need to be performed to assess the success of managing gallbladder polyps as per the current guidelines. (1)
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Multidisciplinary rehabilitation program for Gallbladder Polyps (Cholesterol)
Please follow doctor's advice on drugs and other medical plans.
Please follow nutritionist's guidance.
For sports or psychological counseling, please refer to the experts' suggestions.
In order to avoid misdiagnosis, please upload the latest health report from hospital (preferably dated within a month).
Gallbladder polyps (cholesterol structure) generally take about 3 to 6 months (0.5 to 1 cm in size) to dissolve, and the average monthly fat dissolution is about 15 to 25%. Blood test is suggested monthly to monitor the improvement of cholesterol, triglyceride and other indicators. Suggest to perform ultrasonic scanning every 3 months.
Lifestyle Cooperation:
Don't eat too full, suggest 80% full
Reduce intake of carbohydrate (by 30% to 50%)
Avoid or less intake of high fat and cholesterol foods
Be sure to eat breakfast
Drink plenty of boiled water, suggest 2 liters a day
Eat more dietary fiber food
Get rid of supper routine
Do not recommend supplementation of calcium, iron or other minerals
Go to bed early and get up early, don't stay up late
Daily brisk walking of not less than 10,000 steps
Dietary suggestion:
Eat less fried and roasted foods.
Avoid foods rich in iron such as liver and blood from animal sources.
Reminder:
It is a nutritional supplement and cannot replace drugs.
Not suitable for pregnant or lactating women, infants and young children.
If you do not know the cause of the problem or the problem persists, please consult your doctor as soon as possible.
This product is not registered under the Pharmacy and Poisons Ordinance or the Chinese Medicine Ordinance. Any claim made for it has not been subject to evaluation for such registration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat or prevent any disease.
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Ref / 參考文獻:
McCain RS, Diamond A, Jones C, Coleman HG. Current practices and future prospects for the management of gallbladder polyps: A topical review. World J Gastroenterol. 2018;24(26):2844-2852. doi:10.3748/wjg.v24.i26.2844
