寄生蟲 | Parasites
寄生蟲
人類主要的蠕蟲和原生動物感染:蛔蟲病、旋毛蟲病、圓線蟲病、麥地那龍線蟲病、淋巴絲蟲病、泥鰍病、盤尾絲蟲病、血吸蟲病、絛蟲病、肺吸蟲病、華支睾吸蟲病、阿片吸蟲病、阿米巴病、賈第蟲病、非洲錐蟲病、利什曼病、瘧疾、弓形蟲病、隱孢子蟲病、環孢子蟲病和微孢子蟲病。
Parasites
Humans are hosts to nearly 300 species of parasitic worms and over 70 species of protozoa, some derived from our primate ancestors and some acquired from the animals we have domesticated or come in contact with during our relatively short history on Earth. Our knowledge of parasitic infections extends into antiquity, and descriptions of parasites and parasitic infections are found in the earliest writings and have been confirmed by the finding of parasites in archaeological material.
Parasites began with the rejection of the theory of spontaneous generation and the promulgation of the germ theory. Thereafter, the history of human parasitology proceeded along two lines, the discovery of a parasite and its subsequent association with disease and the recognition of a disease and the subsequent discovery that it was caused by a parasite. This review is concerned with the major helminth and protozoan infections of humans: ascariasis, trichinosis, strongyloidiasis, dracunculiasis, lymphatic filariasis, loasis, onchocerciasis, schistosomiasis, cestodiasis, paragonimiasis, clonorchiasis, opisthorchiasis, amoebiasis, giardiasis, African trypanosomiasis, South American trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, malaria, toxoplasmosis, cryptosporidiosis, cyclosporiasis, and microsporidiosis.